Flashcards / Architecting: Monitoring & Scaling
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Architecting: Monitoring & Scaling

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CONCEPT
Amazon CloudWatch

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ANSWER
Collects metrics, logs, and events from AWS resources; supports dashboards and alarms. Answers 'how is my system performing?'.

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  1. CloudWatch alarms

    Watch a metric against a threshold and act: notify via SNS, trigger Auto Scaling, or invoke automation. States: OK, ALARM, INSUFFICIENT_DATA.

  2. AWS CloudTrail

    Records API activity (who did what, when, from where) for audit, security, and compliance. Different from CloudWatch's performance focus.

  3. VPC Flow Logs

    Capture metadata about IP traffic to/from network interfaces in a VPC — used for troubleshooting connectivity and security analysis.

  4. Amazon EventBridge

    A serverless event bus that routes events from AWS services and apps to targets (Lambda, SNS, etc.) using rules — enables event-driven automation.

  5. Elastic Load Balancing types

    ALB (Layer 7, HTTP/S, content-based routing), NLB (Layer 4, TCP/UDP, ultra-low latency, static IP), and Gateway LB (third-party appliances).

  6. EC2 Auto Scaling

    Maintains the desired number of instances by adding/removing capacity based on demand metrics and a min/desired/max configuration.

  7. Scaling policies

    Target tracking (keep a metric at a target, e.g. 50% CPU), step scaling (adjust by steps as a threshold is breached), and scheduled scaling (predictable load).

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